Article 109

Any intervention in cases submitted to justice is proscribed. In his judicial function, the judge may not receive any injunction or instruction, nor be subjected to any pressure. Whenever he considers that his independence is threatened, the judge must refer the matter to the Supreme Council of the Judicial Power. Any breach by the judge of his duties of independence and impartiality constitutes serious professional misconduct, without prejudice to any possible judicial proceedings. The law sanctions any person who attempts to influence the judge in an unlawful manner.